Tria’s BestPath AVS — Permissionless Chain Abstraction and Intent Marketplace

Tria, in collaboration with EigenLayer, is introducing a novel approach to chain abstraction and intents intended to unify the unwieldy sprawl of virtual machines and disparate blockchains. At the core of Tria, BestPath AVS emerges as an Actively Validated Service that leverages decentralized rails, modular interoperability stacks, and an optionality-centric intents framework. By integrating restaking mechanics with a trustless environment for Pathfinders, BestPath delivers real-time solutions for orchestrating and fulfilling user intents, all while abstracting away the technical cross-chain user-experience and facilitating unparalleled interoperability.

In this article, we discuss the foundational motivation and implementation details behind BestPath AVS. We also examine a reference blueprint for Pathfinders, micro-markets of interoperability stacks, simulations and the ways in which a relative-efficiency marketplace supports trust-minimized allVM interactions.

Why a Chain Abstraction and Intent Marketplace?

The proliferation of blockchains and Virtual Machines has introduced significant complexity for both users and developers, who must navigate multiple wallets, bridge tokens, endure convoluted sign-in flows, and work with inconsistent tooling. While rollups and bridging protocols deliver increased interoperability, they often fail to present a unified cross-chain experience — one that conceals underlying technical details from the user.

Tria’s position is that scaling is not purely about higher throughput. It also requires an unopinionated user and developer-centric perspective that ensures a blockchain’s unique requirements do not impede adoption. Tria’s vision embraces an unopinionated chain abstraction interface capable of spanning all virtual machines (VMs) including EVM, SVM, MoveVM, Cosmos and more, unifying liquidity, and simplifying cross-chain transaction orchestration.

BestPath AVS is our embodiment of this vision. It serves as a permissionless chain abstraction and intents marketplace that systematically determines the most optimal route for a user’s intent — whether bridging assets, abstracting gas, or finalizing on-chain actions. Its open, permissionless, and verifiable framework aims to maximize trust and guarantee efficiency at each stack of your transaction.

Overview

Unchained is Tria’s restaked L2, powered by Arbitrum Orbit, alongside a MoveVM environment. It unifies Threshold Signature Schemes (TSS) based wallets with BestPath Actively Validated Service (AVS). Fulfilling intents and orchestration tasks are delegated to Pathfinders within BestPath AVS, while Unchained coordinates signatures, aggregates global states, and logs data for dispute resolution and future reference.

Although Unchained handles block sequencing as needed, the heart of transaction routing and optimization resides in BestPath AVS. When a user posts an intent, Pathfinders compete to propose the most efficient route. Simulators validate each proposal, while Challengers monitor the network for malicious behavior, ensuring swift slashing of dishonest participants.

BestPath AVS

BestPath AVS is a permissionless chain-abstraction and intent marketplace that pre-computes and executes the most optimal path for cross-chain actions. Pathfinders in BestPath form micro-markets, each specializing in different aspects, such as fast finality, sourcing liquidity, paymaster, fast confirmations, zero-knowledge privacy, or multi-hop aggregator logic.

These micro-markets unlock a broad range of possibilities:

• Pathfinders propose strategies prioritizing capital efficiency (lower interop fees and minimal finality times)
• Simulators verify each proposal in near-real-time.
• If the chosen proposal fails, the system automatically falls back to the next-best strategy.

BestPath ensures every transaction originates from the user’s source wallet — whether an Externally Owned Account (EOA), a smart contract wallet, or any other format — upholding user autonomy. Pathfinders cannot assume custody of user funds.

Pathfinders and Micro-Markets

Micro-markets transform on-chain interactions into flexible, real-time events by shifting transactional control to users and operators. Participants can dynamically oversee transaction propagation, sequencing, liquidity sourcing, and finality across various VMs. Users and AI agents are no longer passive executors but actively influence the transaction lifecycle.

This model also unlocks new transaction routes, deeper liquidity pools, and greater optionality, empowering users to choose differentiated levels of quality of service (QoS) tailored to their needs. Granular control over speed, capital efficiency, security, and privacy allows operators to optimize confirmation times, resource usage, and data disclosure. Transactions can be customized for diverse user requirements across heterogeneous environments.

By decentralizing execution and distributing tasks among specialized participants, micro-markets reduce bottlenecks, mitigate risks, and maximize resource utilization. This synergy of competition, specialization, and user-driven choices fosters iterative improvements, enabling the marketplace to scale while preserving efficiency, adaptability, and a user-centric approach.

Simulators and Election

BestPath employs a fair selection method for Simulators to avoid empowering a single group with gatekeeping authority. Simulators compare each proposed strategy to established references in real time. If a validated strategy is revealed to be adversarial or flawed, it is immediately slashed on-chain, and the system falls back to a second-best proposal.

Challengers

Challengers can query historical snapshots of BestPath instance/strategy data — recorded in a data-availability layer — within a seven-day period to discover fraudulent or defective operators. If a Challenger identifies a discrepancy between a promised execution state and the actual outcome, they can initiate dispute resolution to penalize the respective operator.

Leaderless Auctions

Leaderless auctions sidestep centralized auctioneers or partial vantage points. Pathfinders encrypt and distribute proposals among themselves in a threshold format, preventing any participant from gaining advanced insight into bids. Operators that broadcast contradictory proposals or neglect required commitments face slashing, preserving integrity.

Developing Strategies as a Pathfinder

Pathfinders can fork a BasePath reference (a minimal chain abstraction and liquidity logic) or craft fully customized modules. They can also combine on-chain and off-chain primitives, provided that they stake sufficient collateral to cover scenarios where their logic cannot be fully scrutinized by Simulators.

We anticipate a diverse ecosystem of Pathfinder strategies: aggregator-L2 bridging with novel cryptographic proofs, zero-knowledge bridging proofs, or sponsored transaction fees for certain token communities.

Integrating BestPath AVS for Seamless allVM Liquidity and Agentic Interoperability

Teams building DeFi protocols, consumer applications, games, AI-driven solutions, or even entire blockchain ecosystems can employ BestPath AVS to unify traffic from EVM, SVM, Cosmos, and beyond. Rather than requiring end-users or AI agents to switch wallets or navigate bridging solutions, BestPath AVS transparently routes transactions and liquidity across multiple environments so users from any chain and interface with your primitive as if it were native to their assets.

For AI agents and agentic swarms, BestPath AVS enables seamless agent-to-agent interoperability, allowing them to coordinate intent fulfillment, optimize transaction paths, and dynamically source liquidity across VMs. This functionality supports applications like automated market making, real-time arbitrage, predictive resource allocation.

This design empowers any chain or protocol to capture user flow and agent-driven operations from every VM without custom deployments. Simultaneously, it offers a simpler, more intuitive experience for both human users and autonomous agents. As a result, blockchains, dApps, and AI-driven systems can tap into far-reaching liquidity pools and user segments, accelerating growth and driving meaningful network effects across the broader multi-chain and multi-agent ecosystem.

Conclusion: A New Era for allVM Interoperability

BestPath AVS revolutionizes cross-chain operations by decentralizing the orchestration, verification, and fulfillment of transactions, replacing monolithic bridging and centralized solvers with a permissionless, modular framework. Through dynamic micro-markets and specialized Pathfinders, each incentivized and evaluated by a unified scoring mechanism, BestPath fosters competition, innovation, and efficiency.

With its ability to seamlessly connect allVM users, liquidity, and agentic swarms, BestPath introduces a new paradigm where human and AI-driven actors collaborate to optimize transaction flows, liquidity sourcing, and quality of service (QoS). As Web3 continues to evolve, BestPath AVS establishes itself as the foundation for universal chain abstraction — bridging fragmented ecosystems and enabling a cohesive, user-centric, and future-proof experience for blockchains, dApps, and AI agents alike.